Criminal Justice in Saudi Arabia - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1363 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Law Essay Type Narrative essay Tags: Act Essay Crime Essay Criminal Justice Essay Justice Essay Did you like this example? Criminal Justice in Saudi Arabia Introduction: The current Saudi court framework is made out of a Supreme Judicial Council, First Instance Courts and Courts of Appeals. Saudi Arabia additionally has a regulatory legal body called Board of Grievances which remains close by the Courts System and is subsidiary specifically with the King. The board judicial capacity is brought out through Board of Appeal Circuits, First-Instance Circuits and Circuits of Appeals. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Criminal Justice in Saudi Arabia" essay for you Create order Each of these legal bodies has jurisdiction over cases acquired before it understanding with the law. Moreover, the Saudi legal framework has a few managerial committees that arbitrate civil, criminal and administrative cases. The judicial jurisdiction of every panel is constantly controlled by the declaration which constituted it. Current Saudi Arabian Courts System: At present, Saudi Arabia has a double judicial framework included the Shariah Courts System and a free managerial judiciary known as the Board of Grievances. Notwithstanding the past legal bodies, there are a few Administrative Committees have jurisdiction to hear certain predetermined cases. Additionally, the Law of the Judiciary allows the foundation of particular courts by, Regal Order on the suggestion of the Supreme Judicial Council. As per the Law of Judiciary and Basic Law of Governance, Courts of Shariah have the jurisdiction over all question and crimes aside from those exempted from jurisdiction by law. The Shariah Courts hear cases identified with individual status, civil disputes, family affairs and most criminal cases. Be that as it may, diverse laws and regulations have conceded jurisdiction over distinctive crimes and cases to either Board of Grievances or to Administrative Committees. Supreme Judicial Council: The Council reviews judgments including death pena lties and certain other, real crimes. In its administrative capacity, the Councils part is crucial in making judicial precedents and general principles that lower courts are certain to take after; the Council additionally investigates Shariah questions that oblige an announcement of general Shariah standards, eluded by the Minister of Justice. Its consultative capacity, the Council reviews and gives sentiments in matters alluded to it by King or by Minister of Justice. Meetings of Councils Permanent Panel are administered by regulations that request participation and voting. Courts of Appeals: The Saudi Arabia Courts of Appeals are second level in the current Saudi Arabian legal framework. A Court of Appeal is made out of a chief judge and an adequate number of senior judges from legal group. The Court comprises of a few boards with jurisdiction over criminal cases, instances of individual status and different cases that dont fall into the initial two classifications. The Cour t of Appeal can create the same number of panels as it needs, and Chief Judge or the one of his delegates must head each of these panels. Presently, there are the two Courts of Appeals in a Saudi Arabia. One is in the Makkah, which appeals hearing from lower courts in Western Provinces, while other is situated in Riyadh, which hears claims from lower courts in the Eastern and Central Provinces. Be that as it may, for general society intrigue and in light of a choice of the Courts General Council, a portion of the panels may hold all or some piece of their hearings in another city or secure branches in different cities. Summary Courts: Summary Courts are made out of one or more judges. The creation, jurisdiction, and designation of Summary Courts are constituted by choices of the Minister of Justice on the proposal of the Supreme Judicial Council. A judge passes on judgments issued by courts. Summary Courts have the jurisdiction over the certain hudud cases and decisions concer ning financial harms or pay for crimes that dont surpass 33% of the diyah. They likewise have jurisdiction over common cases for totals under 8,000 Saudi Riyals. There are above than the fourteen Summary Courts in Saudi Arabia. General Courts: The Law of the Judiciary gives Minister of Justice the ability to characterize the jurisdiction of Summary and General Courts in view of the proposals of the Supreme Judicial Council. A comparative procurement gives the Minister of the Interior the power, upon the proposal of Director of Bureau of Prosecution and Investigation, to determine which acts constitute significant crimes obliging detention. In 1976, the Minister of Justice issued a request making the locale of the Summary Courts, as specified beforehand. Likewise, in 2002, the Minister of the Interior issued a request characterizing what may be dealt with as a major crime. Finally, it merits specifying that case before Shariah Courts is administered by Law of Procedure before Courts of Shariah embraced in 2000, and the Law of Criminal Procedure received in 2001. Board of Appeal Circuits: This is most elevated power in the Board of Grievances circuità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s framework. The Board is made out of all individu als from the Appeals Circuits and three individuals from the First-Instance Circuits who are chosen by the Boards leader. Appeal Circuits: At the top of Board circuits framework there are various authoritative, criminal and commercial Scrutinizing Circuits that capacity as courts of appeal and have final power in grievances. Presently, there are three Appeal Circuits that were made to do the capacity of the Board of Grievances, along these lines working as managerial circuits. First-Instance Circuits: In lower level of progressive system framework, there are various First Instance Administrative, Disciplinary, Criminal, Subsidiary and Commercial Circuits that reflect differing jurisdiction of the Board. The Boards First Instance Circuits are changed routinely. More than 80 circuits have been made, 33% of which were given to adjudicating disputes and criminal cases. Administrative Committees: There are a few Authoritative Committees with legal powers which have been intermittently made subsequent to the unification of Saudi Arabia in 1932. These Managerial Committees have jurisdiction over criminal, commercial, administrative and civil cases and question emerging out of the usage of a few laws and provisions. The Basic Law of Governance does not perceive these committees as a component of the judicial power. In spite of the fact that these committees have been created to help facilitate the overwhelming cases workload before Saudi Courts System, and to adapt to the necessity of the social and monetary advancement of the Kingdom, they have been liable to criticism on the grounds that they present measures of settling by the Official Branch. High Court: The High Court will perform a few consultative, legislative and judicial roles. Notwithstanding the function put forward by Law of Procedure, before Courts of Shariah and Law of Criminal Procedure, court will direct the usage of Islamic law and regulations sanctioned by the King which are reliable with the issues that fall inside the general jurisdiction of judiciary. The High Court will review decisions issued or maintained by Courts of Appeals, that including those which identify with cases deserving of death, and other certain significant crimes. Conclusion: The Saudi Legislature has made a real stride forward in modernizing the Saudi Judicial System. Without precedent for the historical backdrop of Kingdom, a High Court will be created in the Saudi Arabias capital (Riyadh), as most elevated legal power in the area, and will tackle the obligations that have been already given to Judicial Supreme Council. It will practice its power through criminal and other specific circuits. The Supreme Judicial Council will supervise the authoritative parts of the legal, including the decision of judges, the oversight of judges faculty undertakings, the foundation of particular courts, and so forth. Also, the new law rolled out significant improvements with respect to the portion of the legal power of the Board of Grievances. The board turned into a simply free authoritative judiciary, while its power to adjudicate criminal cases and commercial disputes has been allowed to Specialized Courts in Criminal Cases. References: Otto, Jan Michiel (2010).Sharia Incorporated: A Comparative Overview of the Legal Systems of Twelve Muslim Countries in Past and Present. pp.144à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å"145. Peters, Rudolph (2006).Crime and Punishment in Islamic Law: Theory and Practice from the Sixteenth to the Twenty-First Century. p.148 Coulson, Noel J. (Graham and Trotman, 1984),Commercial Law in the Gulf States: The Islamic Legal Tradition, 3 Kaim, Markus (2008).Great powers and regional orders: the United States and the Persian Gulf. p.162. Esposito, John L. (1998).Islam and politics. p.111 Wynbrandt, James; Gerges, Fawaz A. (2010).A Brief History of Saudi Arabia. p.183

Speech Outline Use of Cell Phones Should be Banned While...

Speech Outline Topic: Why Banning the Use of Cell Phones While Driving Should Be Mandatory Nationwide. General Purpose: To save lives, up to 3,000 a year in America, by reducing the number of car accidents. Specific Purpose: Keep drivers attention on the road, where it belongs. Central idea: Cell phone use while driving a vehicle should be banned nationwide because it distracts drivers and thereby causes accidents. Introduction Key point #1: Use of cell phones has proliferated to the extent that they have become an integral part of our lives. And since the lives of most Americans are built around car transportation, and so much time is spent in cars, its inevitable that people will want to stay connected by cell phone while driving. Its very tempting. Key point #2: Use of cell phones while driving is one of the main sources of distraction while driving, and that is not limited to hand-held devices it applies to hands-free access through Bluetooth or similar technologies. Key point #3: Text messaging is even more dangerous than voice calls, and worse than drunk driving. II. Body of the Presentation Main Point #1: The ban is workable. Supporting material: Many states and localities already have laws in place that ban or restrict cell phone use in cars. Existing laws can be found at Cellphone and texting laws (May 2012). Supporting material: Employers who ban cell phones while driving find productivity doesnt suffer. Decisions made while multitasking areShow MoreRelatedNokias Human Resources System144007 Words   |  577 Pagesregistrant has elected to follow. Item 17 n Item 18 n If this is an annual report, indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b ­2 of the Exchange Act). Yes n No ≠¤ TABLE OF CONTENTS Page INTRODUCTION AND USE OF CERTAIN TERMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 FORWARD ­LOOKING STATEMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 ITEM 1. ITEMRead MoreExploring Corporate Strategy - Case164366 Words   |  658 Pagespractice. They are not intended to be a comprehensive collection of teaching material. They have been chosen (or speciï ¬ cally written) to provide readers with a core of cases which, together, cover most of the main issues in the text. As such, they should provide a useful backbone to a programme of study but could sensibly be supplemented by other material. We have provided a mixture of longer and shorter cases to increase the ï ¬â€šexibility for teachers. Combined with the illustrations and the short caseRead MoreMonsanto: Better Living Through Genetic Engineering96204 Words   |  385 Pagesanalysis, but for now here is a brief accou nt. Before we start, a word about attitude – make it a real exercise. You have a set of historical facts; use a rigorous system to work out what strategies should be followed. All the cases are about real companies, and one of the entertaining bits of the analysis process is to compare what you have said they should do with what they really have done. So, it is best not to check the Internet to see current strategies until you have completed your analysis. WhatRead MoreStrategic Marketing Management337596 Words   |  1351 PagesStrategic Marketing Management Dedication This book is dedicated to the authors’ wives – Gillian and Rosie – and to Ben Gilligan for their support while it was being written. Acknowledgements Our thanks go to Janice Nunn for all the effort that she put in to the preparation of the manuscript. Strategic Marketing Management Planning, implementation and control Third edition Richard M.S. Wilson Emeritus Professor of Business Administration The Business School Loughborough University Read MoreMerger and Acquisition: Current Issues115629 Words   |  463 Pageslaw Empirical studies Conclusion 155 155 156 160 163 165 11 Ethical Issues in Mergers and Acquisitions Robert W. McGee 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 Introduction Ethical approaches Review of the literature Conclusion 168 168 168 173 175 12 The Use of Equity Swaps in Mergers Paul U. Ali 12.1 Introduction 12.2 Equity swaps 12.3 Hedging of swap exposure 12.4 â€Å"Fear and loathing† in takeover battles 12.5 Conclusion 178 178 179 180 180 185 x CONTENTS 13 Banking Performance in DomesticRead MoreMarketing Mistakes and Successes175322 Words   |  702 Pageswritten permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, website www.copyright.com. Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030-5774, (201)748-6011, fax (201)748-6008, website http://www.wiley.com/go/permissions. To order books or for customer service please, call 1-800-CALLRead MoreLibrary Management204752 Words   |  820 Pages. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . What Do Managers Do? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Managerial Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Managerial Roles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . What Resources Do Managers Use? . . . . . . . . . What Skills Are Needed by Today’s Managers? . What Are the Differences in Managing in For-Profit and Not-for-Profit Organizations? . . Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Read MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pageshistory provided much of the impetus for a worldwide resurgence of human rights activism, agitation, and legislation that came to be centered in the United Nations after 1945. The two global wars that generated the myriad abuses of human rights, while also unleashing potent forces for the liberation of women and colonized peoples more generally, are analyzed in considerable detail in John Morrow’s wide-ranging essay on the causes, experience, and impact of mechanized warfare in the twentieth century

Level 3 Awards In Assessing Competence In The Work Environment

Questions: Assignment 11. Explain the importance of involving the learners and others in the assessment process.2. Summarise types of information that should be available to learners and others involved in the assessment process3. Explain how peer and self-assessment can be used effectively to promote learner involvement and personal responsibility in the assessment of learning.4. Explain how assessment arrangements can be adapted to meet the needs of individual learners.Assignment 21. Explain how to judge whether evidence is:a) Sufficient b) Authentic c) Current2. Explain how to ensure that assessment decisions are:a) Made against specified criteria b) Validà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨c) Reliableà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨d) FairAssignment 31. Evaluate the importance of quality assurance in the assessment process2. Summarise quality assurance and standardised procedures in own area of practice3. Summarise the procedures to follow when there are disputes concerning assessment in own area of practice.Assignment 41. Expl ain the importance of following procedures for the management of information relating to assessment.2. Explain how feedback and questioning contribute to the assessment process.Assignment 51. Explain legal issues, policies and procedures relevant to assessment, including those for confidentiality, health, safety and welfare.2. Explain the contribution that technology can make to the assessment process.3. Evaluate requirements for quality and diversity, and where appropriate, bilingualism in relation to assessment.4. Explain the value of reflective practice and continuing professional development in the assessment process. Answers: Assignment 1 1. While doing an assessment, involving the learners is an important way of supporting them so that they can deal and take ownership of those things which they are learning, thinking, achieving and planning how to go ahead with them. The things which they are learning in these assessments they can apply in their work place and it will help them in growing individually too. This type of assessment will motivate them to do better in their work place this will be a great experience and help them in understanding the matters under the guidance of experts. The assessments will help the learners to reach their goals easily. These assessments help them to learn the way of delivering which they are learning and also in negotiating. The involvement of others in the assessment help the learners to work as a team with the peer groups, colleagues etc by sharing their feedbacks (Wandersman, Chien and Katz, 2012).2. The types of information are available to the learners are-a. Understanding the ro les and their responsibilities.b. Assessing the peer members.c. Working together with everyone in the organization.d. Sharing targets.e. Knowing about the risks and challenging them.f. Witnessing the assessment procedure.g. Receiving and giving feedbacks.h. The policies and procedures of the organization are available to them.i. The skills which the learners are learning can be applied and they can see the outcomes.3. Self assessment and peer assessment helps a learner a lot in their individual and professional growth. The learners can ask about the views of their peer members both formally and informally. The peer members help in boosting up the self confidence. When a assessment is done in a team and the feedback is taken from their peer group then they can easily assess them and can easily ask them where the learner need to improve in their skills (Lambert, and Lines, 2013).. Peer members helps in indentifying and achieving targets. While working in an organization what changes a learner need to make in their work can be easily accessed by their peer members and also by their leaders and they asks the learner what changes they should bring in their work. When a self assessment is done the learner himself can understand what changes need to be done with themselves. With the given time they tries to bring change in their work style and see the change that is giving better results in their work . (Tsimillis and Michael,2014)..4. Arrangements need to be done for the learners so that they can easily adapt with the arrangements like changing the time schedules, working in different shifts etc. By working at different timings the learners will get to know that at what timings and in which shift they are comfortable (Johnson, Miller and Boyle, A. 2013). Learners working under experts can increase their confidence level which will work as a positive factor for them and this will be benefitting in improving their work style and these changes will bring a positive cha nge within themselves and also in their work environment. The usage of qualified assessment with the organizational policies and procedures according to the organizational context helps the learners in negotiating and assessing (Kidney Cummings and Boehm 2014). Assignment 2 1. The evidence on the assessments which are being made are sufficient or not that decisions can be made by seen that the requirements which were needed were fulfilled or not and that can be done by reviewing those evidences that the given matters are enough or not . The work is sufficient or not can also be checked after checking the feedbacks after applying them on the learners. (Heacox,2012). The authenticity of those evidences can be checked by getting to know that those are done with 100% seriousness or not. While doing the work whether there was any manipulation done or not can be checked with the accurate facts and figures which is present with the concerned person. Authenticity of the work can be checked by not only checking the facts and figures but also by taking feedbacks from the peer members, colleagues, managers etc and checking them with the evidences of the assessments. After checking the authenticity then come the next stage that the evidences which are being used ar e of current scenario or not. The authenticity of the work can be 100% true but the references which have been taken should not be an old one. The evidences which have been used need to be current because people mainly relate their views with the current scenarios and they do not go with the old traditional views. As the organization is growing with the evidences of the present scenario so the facts and figures of the current generation maters a lot for the organization and also for their employees (Wandersman, Chien and Katz 2012). 2. The evidences and the references which are being used need to be related with the criteria which have been specified. The reference used in the process are valid or not can be checked when the assessment will be done with the learners. (Hall, Griffiths, Haslam and Wilkin, 2012). When the output of the assessment will be positive and will be going with the current scenario then it can be said that the assessment is valid. The validity of the assessment also matters when it is easily approachable by the learners and will be giving positive results to the organization. When the output will be a valid one then only it will be reliable and the learners can apply in their work life. The evidences which are used are reliable or not can be easily identified when they will be used with the current scenario and will be giving proper and appropriate results. The reliable assessments can be repeated in other assessments also if needed and like this the leanings can be transferred from one to another.The assessment which is applied by the learner is fair or not can be determined by seeing the result after doing the assessment. If the result is not fair then changes has to be done so that fair assessment can be done. The learners preparing their individual assessments and designing them helps both the organization and the individual to get authentic, reliable and fair facts. This helps the learners to achieve their own targets both personally and professionally. The decisions made for the assessments are fair or not can be decided by doing without any biasness and identifying them with the related criteria. If the criterias are met then it can be decided that the decision made is fair (Tomlinson, 2014). Assignment 3 1. The assurance of the quality that is being used is very important. The steps taken to measure the quality of these assessments can be done by observing the learners that the evidences they are using are giving proper results or not. If the evidences of these assessments are giving positive results then it can be understood that the level of these evidences are quiet high (Cook, and Polgar, 2014).. It can be checked in some other ways also like interviewing the candidate on whom this assessments are done and also examining the products with which the assessments are done. The standards of these evidences are also checked to see that these assessments which are being used are matching the standards of the organization or not. Awarding the organization by the external bodies and maintaining the laws and regulations helps the organizations to reach their goals. (Brookhart, Moss and Long, 2010). 2. The assurance of these assessment qualities which are being used and the standards can b e maintained by applying those assessments in the organization and also on the learners, who will be bringing change in the organization by using those assessments in their work structure(Ollin, and Tucker,2012). When the learners will be applying those evidences in their daily work life then it will be bringing a change in the learners work style and these will also bring a positive change for the organization (Fung and Yip, 2014).The learners who are bringing positive changes in their work style, in their working environment and also in the internal environment of the organization in a positive way then they can be rewarded by the organization for giving a positive contribution to the organization (Brown, , Bull and Pendlebury 2013). A feedback method can be implemented so that it can also be understood that the assessments which are being done are giving positive response or not (Leekitchwatana, Pimdee and Moto, 2013). 3. While conducting an assessment certain disputes can take p lace in the practice area and those can be solved by awarding the organization for the good work which has been done to take the organization in the next level (Beaven,2012). To avoid the disputes the experts have to make sure that they are covering the procedures both internally and externally so that it does not get influenced by any external being. The policies and the procedures all need to be documented and confidentially kept so that whenever there is any problem it can be solved. It has to be made sure that no disputes should take place due to discrimination. The results of the assessments procedures need to be transparent so that it is easily understandable and already a trail run has been done before applying it on the learner (Pershing, 2006). Assignment 4 1. The importance of the procedures which is being followed while managing the information during assessment is that whether the action plans which are being taken are accurately reflecting on the activities done in the organization or not. The assessments are being documented so that in the future whenever it is needed it can be referred. The assessments which are already completed are documented or not. When the assessments are being done then those procedures i.e. the methods taken to complete the assessments need to be recorded for future use. Feedbacks need to be taken after the completion of the assessments both in written and orally and those also need to be recorded. The assessments, polices and the procedures which are being used and making a huge impact for the betterment of the organization needs to be awarded (Ahmed, 2008).2. After conducting the assessment process the feedbacks are collected from the learners and then the decisions are made on the basis of those feedback s (Yu and Jin, 2014).The feedbacks are collected and thoroughly checked to see that whether the assessments applied are making good impacts on the learners and also on the organization or not. Whether the assessments are motivating the learners to do better in their work areas. While checking the feedbacks it is also seen that if there is any need of organizing further assessment programs or not. Feedbacks gives are result that whether there is any need to doing assessments on the individual learner or not. These feedbacks gives a overall view about the organization that in which areas of the organization there is any need of development and what more targets should the organization need to achieve (Baird, 2014). Assignment 5 1. From the organizations point of view the policies and the procedures are under the regulatory bodies which are including Ofqual, Ofsted and other awarding firms which are including the health and safety issues, diversity and equality issues etc. The policies, procedures and the legal issues related with the assessments checks that the standardization is maintained or not. Whether the sharing of good practices, views from the peer members , shadowing the works , cascading training, are all maintained by the organization or not. Whether the professional developments which are done continuously are being identified by the exterior influences in spite they are being mentioned internally (Stalmeijer et al., 2014).2. Contribution of the technologies while doing the assessments is maintained by selecting the suitable software which will be used for online and initial testing. Assessments are done on the audio visual reports, and feedbacks are taken on those though technology media only. Statistical data are easily obtained with the help of technologies. Information technology helps in distance learning and online exams are taken. The authenticities of these assessments are checked and it is known that the sources are reliable or not. The records are kept confidentially in the systems with backups so that if the data are tampered then it can be easily recovered. The data are kept safeguarded under high security so that they are not misplaced. The softwares are updated regularly to keep up with the new generation (Moodysson, 2008). 3. Within the legal framework evaluating the assessments on the basis of equality and diversification is done by applying the Equality Act in the organization. These act need to be applied in every organization so that the equality and the diversification is maintained. The work environment gets affected when the diversification and equality is not maintained. Conflicts within the peer group occurs which badly affects the organizational en vironment (Ollin and Tucker, 2012). Organization uses policies and procedures to maintain the balance and actions are taken if any person goes against the policies. Codes of practices are maintained which are related with this types of issues. In organizations people with different types of physical problems work together. It is seen that in an organization with the medically fit people many people with physical problems works with same speed and giving better results to the company in comparison to the normal people. The organizations need to find out the strengths of these disabled people (problem like- audio and visually disabled) and make them work and they will giving the organization outstanding results. But to get best results the organization has to compromise with them in certain sectors like flexible timings, providing additional facilities whenever needed. Encouraging them by giving them awards and rewards so that they can work better (Dubuisson-Quellier, 2013). 4. Reflec tive practices for continuous professional development need to become a habit. Using of tools like describing, revising and analyzing need to be done while doing the self -assessment. For reaching the goals the individual need to do the SWOT analysis so that by himself only he will get to understand his positive and negative aspects (Martin, 2007).Other than individual view about himself he can also take feedbacks from his colleagues, other learners, managers, peer members etc who will be giving their views so that the individual can change his weakness into his strengths. By doing the analysis by himself also taking views from others and also the organizational reports helps the individual to predict his skills and knowledge. Based on the analysis from the expertise the individual can boost his self confidence, monitoring his knowledge and can do the modifications wherever needed. This analysis helps the individual to grow his skills, knowledge and self confidence which will benefi t both the individual and the organization (Whitty, 2013). References Ahmed, N. (2008). Emerging systems of educational quality assessment in developing countries Quality Assurance in Education, 16(2)Baird, J. (2014). Teachers views on assessment practices Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy Practice, 21(4), pp.361-364.Brookhart, S., Moss, C. and Long, B (2010) Teacher inquiry into formative assessment practices in remedial reading classrooms. Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy Practice, 17(1), pp.41-58.Dubuisson-Quellier, S. (2013) A Market Mediation Strategy: How Social Movements Seek to Change Firms' Practices by Promoting New Principles of Product Valuation. Organization Studies, 34(5-6), pp.683-703Fung, D. and Yip, V. (2014) The effects of the medium of instruction in certificate-level physics on achievement and motivation to learn. J Res Sci Teach, 51(10), pp.1219-1245Martin, D. (2007). Principles and Practices of Case Management in Rehabilitation Counseling Springfield: Charles C Thomas Publisher, LTD.Moodysson, J. (2008). Pri nciples and Practices of Knowledge Creation: On the Organization of Buzz and Pipelines in Life Science Communities. Economic Geography, 84(4), pp.449-469Ollin, R. and Tucker, J. (2012) The vocational assessor handbook London: Kogan Page.Pershing, J. (2006). Handbook of human performance technology San Francisco, CA: Pfeiffer.Stalmeijer, R., Whittingham, J., de Grave, W and Dolmans, D (2014) Strengthening internal quality assurance processes: facilitating student evaluation committees to contribute Assessment Evaluation in Higher Education, pp.1-14Wandersman, A., Chien, V. H., and Katz, J. (2012) toward an evidence-based system for innovation support for implementing innovations with quality: tools, training, technical assistance, and quality assurance/quality improvement.American journal of community psychology, 50(3-4), 445-459.Tsimillis, K. C., and Michael, S. (2014). Quality management and quality assurance in medical laboratories Laboratory management information systems: curre nt requirements and future perspectives, IGI Global, 136-153.Kidney, G., Cummings, L., and Boehm, A. (2014) Toward a quality assurance approach to e-learning coursesWandersman, A., Chien, V. H., and Katz, J (2012) Toward An Evidence-Based System for Innovation Support (Tools, Training, Technical Assistance, Quality Improvement/Quality Assurance) for Implementing Innovations with Quality to Achieve Desired Outcomes American Journal of Community Psychology, 50, 445-459Tomlinson, C. A. (2014). Differentiated classroom: Responding to the needs of all learners. Ascd.Hall, D., Griffiths, D., Haslam, L., and Wilkin, Y. (2012) Assessing the needs of bilingual pupils: Living in two languages. Routledge.Heacox, D. (2012). Differentiating Instruction in the Regular Classroom: How to Reach and Teach All Learners (Updated Anniversary Edition). Free Spirit PublishingCook, A. M., and Polgar, J. M. (2014). Assistive technologies: Principles and practice. Elsevier Health SciencesLambert, D., and Lin es, D (2013) Understanding assessment: Purposes, perceptions, practice. Routledge.Johnson, S., Johnson, R., Miller, L. and Boyle, A (2013) Reliability of Vocational Assessment: An evaluation of level 3 electro-technical qualificationsOllin, R. and Tucker, J. (2012) The Vocational Assessor Handbook: Including a Guide to the QCF Units for Assessment and Internal Quality Assurance (IQA). Kogan Page Publishers.Beaven, D. F (2012) U.S Patent No. 8,095,413 Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.Liang, D., Pedrycz, W., Liu, D., and Hu, P. (2015). Three-way Decisions Based on Decision-theoretic Rough Sets Under Linguistic Assessment with The Aid of Group Decision Making. Applied Soft ComputingLiang, D., Pedrycz, W., Liu, D., and Hu, P. (2015). Three-way Decisions Based on Decision-theoretic Rough Sets Under Linguistic Assessment with The Aid of Group Decision Making. Applied Soft ComputingClemen, R., and Reilly, T (2013) Making hard decisions with Decision Tools engage LearningGui on, R. M. (2011). Assessment, measurement, and prediction for personnel decisions Taylor and FrancisTherivel, R., and Paridario, M. R (2013) The practice of strategic environmental assessment. RoutledgeBoud, D. (2013). Enhancing learning through self-assessment RoutledgeRace, P (2014) The lecturer's toolkit: a practical guide to assessment, learning and teaching. Routledge.Falchikov, N. (2013). Improving assessment through student involvement: Practical solutions for aiding learning in higher and further education. Routledge.

What happens when police officers go too far In t Essays

What happens when police officers go too far? In today's society that is one of the questions that needs many answers. The past few years has shown that police officers are going far beyond what the law is allowing them to do. These officers are the same people that are called when somebody needs help and also protect and serve the needs of the people . Now more than ever people need the feeling to not only protect themselves from criminals, but also the police. Because of recent events many people feel that police officers are demonstrating excessive force of power they have. The main problem s that people have with police officers is when they come to the conclusion to use force and when that force becomes lethal. This is most prevalent in the African-American communities around the country. It has become such a big issue in these communities that the need for urban police policy is needed. The job of a police officer is to protect and serve the public. They are here to keep order in the public, averting, and investigating crimes that are reported. While doing all of these things they are to uphold the law at a higher level than most civilians do. As citizens we have put our trust in these police officers to do the right things at all times. People who decide who wants to be in law enforcement has to do this because they want to make a difference and help people in process. Besides when somebody starts their career as a police officer the money is not an important factor because the public safety is. This can be really rewarding to somebody that would like to be a public servant because crime is the one constant that seems to never stop. Although with low pay and helping the public this is considered one of the most dangerous jobs in America. Each day officers risk their live s to make it possible for people to walk around without fear. Police need the use of force but it has to come when it is really needed. At some point in an officer's career there is going to come a time when they are face with a decision to use deadly force or not. Police brutality is nothing new in the African-American community. In the earliest case of police brutality was Rodney K ing in 1991. He was beaten after running from the police in Los Angeles. A videotape of this beating is played all over the national news. The video shows four officers repeatedly beating King while other officers while other officers standby and watch. This instance brought much attention to how officers treated minorities. Four officers were charged with assault with a deadly weapon and use of excessive force. Three officers were acquitted and the fourth was acquitted by a jury because they failed to reach a verdict on the excessive force charge. These acquittals led to the L.A. riots in 1992. In the aftermath of King's beating "confidence in the city's police department plummeted to 31% for Latino residents and 14% for African-Americans" ( Weltzer ). With these types of numbers about confidence in the police with minorities, police will nev er get that trust from them. In a time were almost everything is on video, it is troubling to think that police are still getting away with brutality. With the case of Eric Garner is one of those examples. Garner was arrested for selling loose cigarettes back in July of 2014 in Staten Island. Video shows garner is talking to officers telling them to stop harassing him and to leave him alone. He is then surrounded by four cops and throw him on the ground. "One deploys a chokehold, a use of force specifically banned by NYPD regulations" (Scott). With a videotape officers reported that no chokehold was used. While Garner's head is being smashed into the ground, it is heard on the video , of him screaming "I can't breathe, I can't breathe". These would be his last words he would ever say. Because of the actions of these NYPD officers, Eric Garner was dead at the age of 43.

Why did the ideal of liberal nationalism fail in 19th century Germany Essay Example

Why did the ideal of liberal nationalism fail in 19th century Germany? Paper Despite all these successes the liberal nationalist ideal failed. Ultimately this was due to the militaristic conservatives had no interest in it; they were concerned with Weltpolitik (expansion of the empire). However on the path from the liberal heyday of the 1840s to the outbreak of the Great War the liberal cause was struck numerous blows. In 1840 one can see the first sign of the militaristic tendencies of the Germans by the Watch on the Rhine. This defensive fear and hostility to the other would ultimately cause the downfall of the liberal nationalists. In 1848 seemingly their strongest year due to the revolutions around Germany there was still a downside; their unsuccessful attempt to permanently alter the system of government and implement the policies listed in the second paragraph they showed that they could not overcome the ruling order without added help (either from Prussia or from a foreign power). These revolutions showed that the liberals would never receive this help for the other European powers wanted Germany to remain a power vacuum because its attributes (population growth, industrialised economy and positioning) made the Germans a threat to the balance of power. We will write a custom essay sample on Why did the ideal of liberal nationalism fail in 19th century Germany? specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Why did the ideal of liberal nationalism fail in 19th century Germany? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Why did the ideal of liberal nationalism fail in 19th century Germany? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer From this point on the liberal nationalists stood for an appealing idea but one which was ineffective, I believe that they realised this disturbing fact and from this point on sought to compromise and attempt to influence the system in whatever way possible. This point is backed up by the signing of the Indemnity Bill in 1866 which was seen as a submission to the autocracy and as the liberals selling their souls to Bismarck but with hindsight it was the only solution at the time. The liberal nationalists would have realised that if you cant beat them, join them (or the equivalent German phrase). By signing this bill they were able to influence parts of the constitution that Bismarck made in 1871; some say that this constitution stunted liberalism but in many ways it was better to have parts of their ideal recognised than none of it (which would have happened had they persisted with their 1848 style). However their thought that this compromise should bring parts of liberalism (now on its own because nationalism was recognised by the formation of the Reich) to the nation was wrong. Over the next thirty years liberal policies were thrown to the wind; 1873s economic depression meant the end of free trade, 1878 meant the end of Wilhelm and the accession of a new militaristic Kaiser who would throughout the 1890s grew to dominate the political scene. From 1878 onwards there was no one in power who owed anything to the liberals or could gain anything by allying with them which meant that liberal policies were forgotten. It, in the form of an opposition to the government was replaced by socialism. Liberal nationalism did not die in the 20th century; the creation of the Weimar Republic showed that however it had no place in Germanys long term future. The liberals condemned themselves to this pitiful fate by not uniting in 1848 and although they had little choice in 1866, the acceptance of Bismarcks regime meant that their demise was unavoidable. The liberals could not be blamed for not realising that German nationalism would become increasingly aggressive although they did (via their liberal economic policies) put Prussia in a position of sufficient prosperity to be able to dominate the nation and allow them to drive Germany into the Great War.

How to Give a Great Presentation

How to Give a Great Presentation How to Give a Great Presentation Giving a presentation is, for many students, a stressful experience; even the most studious of us can find ourselves lost for words when faced with a roomful of expectant faces, gazing out in quiet anticipation. But being able to give an oral presentation is vital for your education and can help your career prospects. Rather than feeling nervous about it, you should therefore think of giving a talk as a chance to develop your communication and presentation skills. There are plenty of things you can do to make giving a presentation go smoothly too, including the following†¦ Practice, Practice, Practice! It’s an obvious place to start, but practicing your presentation will help make sure it goes perfectly on the day. Factors to consider include timing, the structure of your talk and the kind of questions your audience might ask. You should try reading your presentation out loud, as if to an audience. If you have a few willing friends, they could even listen, ask questions and give you feedback. Alternatively, you could also give your presentation to the mirror or record yourself and listen back afterwards. Be Prepared†¦ On the day before your presentation, try to get a good night’s rest. Likewise, on the day, make sure you eat healthily so you’ll have the energy required to engage with your audience. Moreover, try to turn up around fifteen minutes before your presentation is due to begin, or however long you need to settle in and set up any resources you plan to use, such as laptops, projectors or handouts. Be Confident Easier said than done sometimes, but even pretending to feel confident will help you communicate clearly while giving your presentation. Good tips include dressing smartly, making eye contact with your audience and not feeling like you have to apologize for yourself. If you need a moment to gather your thoughts at any point, stopping briefly to take a sip of water will allow you to think (and keep you hydrated). This can be especially helpful when answering audience questions. Be Heard! It’s important to make yourself heard when giving a presentation. This means addressing the entire audience (not just the first row), speaking at a steady pace (not rushing) and vocalizing clearly (not speaking into your chest). It’s a good idea to have notes to guide your presentation, but try not to just read them out loud, as this is often unengaging for an audience. Use Visual Aids These days, most presentations are accompanied by visual aids, such as hand outs and PowerPoint slideshows. These can be a great addition to your talk, but try not to rely on them too much.

Literary Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Literary - Research Paper Example Chopin’s sotry tells the readers about a husband’s suffocating grip on a woman’s life. In the story, the husband has not been presented in a direct negative light; rather a husband’s care and kindness for a wife ironically prove to be harmful for a wife. The irony lies in the fact that in a patriarchal society, no matter how much a husband tries to be kind like Mrs. Mallard’s husband in â€Å"Story of an Hour†, they are â€Å"the patriarchal annihilators of the women’s freedom† (Cunningham 52). Chopin does not tell her readers anything clearly about why the heroine of the story cannot explain her complacence and ecstasy at her husband’s death. Rather the author simply presents a small fragment of a woman’s life that provokes a reader to read the story as a sequel to his or her own real life. Obviously Chopin’s story will be endowed with a greater meaning, if Mrs. Mallard’s forbidden joy of independenc e is perceived in a real life setting. In a real life setting, Mrs. Mallard is like most other common women who, having no economic independence, cannot but depend on their husbands. Therefore, they are compelled to obey their husbands while suppressing their own desires (Stein 31; Deneau 211). Indeed, it is the patriarchal society that keeps them away from any self-supporting activities; that wants them to be loyal to their husband, and that punishes them and also endows the male counterparts with a power to reprimand and punish their wives in cases of the violation of the behavior codes that women are expected to follow. Also it is the patriarchal society that can confine women within the four walls of their husbands’ house. Nicole Smith refers to Mrs. Mallard’s confinement as following: â€Å"The world outside of her own bedroom is only minimally described, but the world inside of her mind is lively and well described by the narrator. The window outside of her room is alive and vibrant like her mind, while everything about her physically is cloistered† (1). In such a patriarchal setting, Mrs. Mallard is really lucky enough to get a husband like Brently who is kind and loving to her. So Mrs. Mallard know that she should not feel the joy at her husband’s possible death. Yet she cannot but feel â€Å"the ecstasy since her joy at the death of husband as an imposer of restriction is far more higher than her sorrow at the death of husband as a sympathizer† (Stein 28-9). In her story, Chopin deals with the same story of a woman’s lack of freedom in a round-about way. In contradiction to others’ expectation Mrs. Mallard senses the gush of complacent freedom hearing the news of her husband’s death. She feels sad. But concurrently she also feels the complacence at her oncoming freedom, as the narrator describes Mrs. Mallard’s joy in the following manner: â€Å"There was something coming to her and she wa s waiting for it, fearfully. What was it? She did not know; it was too subtle and elusive to name† (Chopin, â€Å"Story of an Hour†). At the news of Bentley’s death, she feels the prospect of living a life of enormous freedom and joy. But since in patriarchy a woman is not accustomed to express herself freely, she fears even to acknowledge the source of mirth and ecstasy. Though â€Å"she was striving to beat it back with her will† (Chopin, â€Å"the Story of an Hour†), she fails to do so. Indeed it is her self-realization and her acknowledgement that the death of her husband and the prospect of